Hail damage isn't always obvious from the ground — but the mechanics of how a hailstone destroys a shingle are surprisingly predictable. Understanding what's happening helps you spot damage early, before the insurance window closes.
The Impact Sequence
When a hailstone strikes a shingle, it doesn't usually punch a hole. Instead, the impact compresses the asphalt-fiberglass mat, dislodges granules, and creates a 'bruise' — a small depression where the protective granule layer has been knocked loose. The granules in the gutters are the first visible evidence.
Why Bruises Matter
Granules protect the asphalt from UV degradation. Once they're gone, the shingle ages 3–5x faster on that spot. Over 12–24 months, those bruise locations begin to crack, then leak. A shingle hit by hail today is often a leak source in 2027.
The Insurance Window
Most Alabama policies require hail claims to be filed within 1 year of the date of loss. After that, even legitimate damage is uncoverable. Document the storm date and inspect within 90 days.
Key Takeaways
- 1"+ hail can bruise standard shingles
- Bruises are circular and soft
- Granule loss accelerates UV damage
- Leaks typically appear 12–24 months later
- Insurance window is usually 1 year
Frequently Asked Questions
Can I see hail damage from the ground?+
Almost never. Trained inspectors look at shingles up close, check soft-metal collateral damage, and chalk-test bruise patterns.